Impact of COVID-19 vaccination and self-protection strategies for intervention of co-infection of COVID-19 and influenza

Authors

  • Aditya Pandey Department of Mathematics and Statistics\\ Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India
  • Sudha Yadav Department of Mathematics and Statistics\\ Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India
  • Vijai Shanker Verma Department of Mathematics and Statistics\\ Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India
  • Archana Singh Bhadauria Department of Mathematics and Statistics\\ Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India

Abstract

 In this paper, we have studied the co-infection transmission dynamics of COVID-19 and influenza diseases. For this purpose, we have constructed a mathematical model, which we subdivided into two sub-models, namely, the COVID-19-only sub-model and the influenza-only sub-model for simplification. We calculated the basic reproduction numbers by using the next-generation matrix approach and performed the sensitivity analysis of both sub-models to find the most significant parameter for co-infection dynamics. We have also performed the stability analysis of equilibrium points and found that they are globally asymptotically stable. From further investigation of the co-infection model and both the sub-models, we conclude that COVID-19 vaccination and self-control, i.e., wearing masks, hand hygiene, social distancing, and following public health guidelines, etc, are the most important strategies for better intervention of the co-infection dynamics of COVID-19 and influenza diseases.

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Published

05/31/2025

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025): Mathematics in Engineering, Science and Aerospace (MESA)

Section

Articles